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International Student and Scholar Services
University of Mississippi

H-1B

The H-1B category is for persons who are coming to the U.S. to be temporary workers in a specialty occupation. To be considered eligible for H-1B, the position must require at least a Bachelor’s degree. Employment approval is granted through the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services and is job specific as well as employer and department specific.

The H-1B status may be granted initially for up to a three-year period with a maximum total stay of six years. Workers in this category can fill permanent positions, but must leave the country at the end of their authorized period of stay. A person in H-1B status is considered to have dual-intent with regards to immigration. This means that while in H-1B status, workers may file for a change to another immigration category. H-1B is often the category used while in the process of applying for U.S. permanent residency.

Overview of the H-1B Process

H-1b Process Flowchart

Plan More Than Six Months In Advance

H-1B Application Steps

Maintaining H-1B Status

Obtaining and Renewing an H-1B Visa Stamp

TN

The TN (Trade NAFTA) category was developed as part of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), to facilitate the entry of Canadian and Mexican citizens to the United States to engage in professional business activities on a temporary basis. The TN category allows for admission of individuals for the purposes of working for a U.S. employer as a professional or working for a foreign employer (including even a non-Canadian or non-Mexican employer) to provide pre-arranged professional services to a U.S. employer.

Only occupations specified in Appendix 1603.D.1 of the NAFTA treaty can serve as the basis for TN employment. Appendix 1603.D.1 also stipulates the minimum qualifications for entry into the U.S. in each occupation. A list of requirements for each occupation can be found on the NAFTA list..

Both Canadian and Mexican citizens can be admitted to the United States in TN status in increments of up to one year. Extensions of stay are also granted in up to one-year increments. There is no cumulative total limit on the time a Canadian or Mexican citizen can be in TN status. Status can be renewed each year indefinitely, provided that the stay remains temporary in nature.

There are two basic ways for Canadian and Mexican citizens to process the TN: apply for the TN Visa in their home country or apply for a change-of-status to TN within the United States.

Applying for TN Outside of the U.S.

Change of Status to TN within the U.S.

Extending TN Status within the U.S.

Maintaining TN Status

Obtaining and Renewing a TN Visa Stamp

E-3

The E-3 category is for persons who are coming to the U.S. to be temporary workers in a specialty occupation who are citizens of Australia. The requirements and conditions are extremely similar to those of the H-1B. To be considered eligible for E-3, the position must require at least a Bachelor’s degree as the normal entry requirement. Employment approval is granted through either the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services or a U.S. Consulate abroad and is job specific as well as employer and department specific.

The E-3 status may be granted initially for up to a two-year period. There is no maximum on the number of renewals, but E-3s may only be requested in up-to two-year increments. Workers in this category can fill permanent positions, but must leave the country at the end of their authorized period of stay. Unlike the H-1B, a person in  status is not considered to have dual-intent with regards to immigration.

Overview of the E-3 Processes

From outside the US (through a US consulate abroad)

Timeline

E-3 Application Steps

From within the US (through USCIS)

Timeline

E-3 Application Steps

Maintaining E-3 Status

Obtaining and Renewing an E-3 Visa Stamp